Joseph Bosco M.D. specializes in sports medicine, knee, shoulder and elbow surgery at New York University Medical Center and in Queens, New York.

Dr. Joseph Bosco is a board certified orthopedic surgeon specializing in sports medicine, knee, shoulder and elbow surgery, including skiing injuries, elbow reconstruction, rotator cuff repair, shoulder arthroscopy, knee arthroscopy and elbow arthroscopy. His primary practice is located at The New York University Medical Center in New York City. He also maintains an office in Queens, New York.

Dr. Joseph Bosco is a board certified orthopedic surgeon specializing in sports medicine, knee, shoulder and elbow surgery, including skiing injuries, elbow reconstruction, rotator cuff repair, shoulder arthroscopy, knee arthroscopy and elbow arthroscopy. His primary practice is located at The New York University Medical Center in New York City. He also maintains an office in Queens, New York.

Patient Education > FAQ > Spine - Cervical
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I went to see a physical therapist right after I had a car accident. The biofeedback we are using shows the muscles of my neck and shoulders are contracting when they should be relaxed. We are trying to change this pattern. What causes it?
How and when muscles contract after injuries and accidents is a major area of study. All we have at this point are theories to guide us. More research is needed to find the real answers. According to one model, pain causes one group of muscles to decrease activity. Then the opposite muscles increase their activity. Sometimes other "helper" muscles contract at the same time. In the neck area, these helper muscles are called accessory muscles. They include the upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid, and anterior scalene muscles. Coordination of the neck and shoulder muscles gets off-balance after a neck injury. Pain keeps the body from getting back to normal. Biofeedback is a good treatment choice to help regain normal motor control.
Deborah Falla, PT, BPhty (Hons), PhD, et al. Patients with Chronic Neck Pain Demonstrate Altered Patterns of Muscle Activation During Performance of a Functional Upper Limb Task. In Spine. July 1, 2004. Vol. 29. No. 13. Pp. 1436-1440.

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